Who is the “historical Jesus”?1 One can begin to answer this question by considering how historical Jesus studies began. Albert Schweitzer, the great chronicler of the First Quest for the historical Jesus (see sidebar on the quests for the historical Jesus), attributed the start of critical Jesus research to essays written by Hermann Samuel Reimarus (d. 1768), a professor of oriental languages in Hamburg, Germany.2 Reimarus never published these essays during his life for fear
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